PostgreSQL 18 reference · String Functions

PostgreSQL UPPER() Function

Convert a string to uppercase using the database's locale, including accented letters such as é.

PostgreSQL 18

Create a free account to save this page, take notes and track your progress. Sign in

Syntax

upper(string)

Parameter	Description
`string`	The input text.

Uppercase text.

Uppercase in a report

SELECT upper(country) AS country, count(*) AS customers
FROM customers
GROUP BY country
ORDER BY customers DESC
LIMIT 2;

Output

 country | customers
---------+-----------
 USA     |         5
 UK      |         2
(2 rows)

Run this on your computer — see “Get Started” for setup.

Accented letters

SELECT upper('crème brûlée') AS dessert;

Output

   dessert
--------------
 CRÈME BRÛLÉE
(1 row)

Run this on your computer — see “Get Started” for setup.

LOWER() · Convert a string to lowercase using the database's locale, so letters such as É and Ü work too.
INITCAP() · Capitalize the first letter of each word and lowercase the rest, as in 'ada lovelace' to 'Ada Lovelace'.
SQL String Functions · tutorial