SQLite 3 reference · String Functions

SQLite LOWER() Function

Return a copy of a string with ASCII letters converted to lowercase. Handy for case-insensitive comparisons.

SQLite 3

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Syntax

lower(X)

Parameter	Description
`X`	The string (other values are converted to text).

Text, or NULL.

Lowercase a columnTry it yourself

SELECT lower(email) AS email
FROM customers
WHERE customer_id <= 3;

Output

email
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]

Compare without caring about caseTry it yourself

SELECT name
FROM customers
WHERE lower(country) = 'usa';

Output

name
Grace Hopper
Linus Torvalds
Margaret Hamilton
Barbara Liskov
Katherine Johnson

UPPER() · Return a copy of a string with ASCII letters converted to uppercase. Letters such as é are left unchanged.
LIKE · Match a string against a pattern with % (any run of characters) and _ (one character). Case-insensitive for ASCII.
SQL String Functions · tutorial